(b) A legislative caucus may not knowingly accept from a nonmember a contribution, and shall refuse a contribution from a nonmember that is received, during the period prescribed by Subsection (a). 2, eff. 9, eff. Because of high levels of controversy surrounding redistricting, about a dozen states use this method of redistricting? 3233), Sec. 1009 (H.B. Is he liable for losses and expenses related to the rst September 1, 2019. 3233), Sec. As of Oct. 29, 2022, the overwhelming percentage of donations both candidates received are worth $200 or less. 384 (H.B. September 1, 2019. 304, Sec. June 18, 2005. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Sec. Apply today! What is the annual limit on special legislative sessions in the state of Texas or is there a limit? 899, Sec. electing a speaker of the house 384 (H.B. 3233), Sec. \text{Transportation}\\ The numbers from the table below were taken from campaign finance reports for Texas State Senate and Texas House of Representatives candidates from January 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020, and those were compared with reports from the same time period during the 2018 election cycle. 10, eff. Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from what source? They are in the best position to educate legislators. 249, Sec. June 16, 1995. Personal funds deposited in an account in which political contributions are held are subject to Section 253.035 and must be included in the reports of the total amount of political contributions maintained required by Sections 254.031(a)(8) and 254.0611(a). RESTRICTIONS ON CONTRIBUTIONS TO LEGISLATIVE CAUCUSES DURING AND FOLLOWING REGULAR LEGISLATIVE SESSION. September 1, 2007. June 16, 1995. (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political expenditure in violation of this chapter. September 1, 2007. September 1, 2009. 2, eff. 5(1), eff. 8, eff. A contribution made by United States mail or by common or contract carrier is not considered received during that period if it was properly addressed and placed with postage or carrier charges prepaid or prearranged in the mail or delivered to the contract carrier before the beginning of the period. 13, eff. 253.134. June 2, 2019. Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. High turnover rates in the Texas legislature are due primarily to what significant factor? Sec. $55,800 To eligible to run for the Texas House, you must be at least 21 years of age To be eligible to run for the Texas Senate you must be at least 26 years of age Why was the Legislative Redistricting Board's multimember plan invalidated by a federal court in 1971? 3233), Sec. 384 (H.B. invitation to special conferences 253.099. 3233), Sec. (a) A write-in candidate for judicial office or a specific-purpose committee for supporting a write-in candidate for judicial office may not knowingly accept a political contribution before the candidate files a declaration of write-in candidacy. Race can be a factor but not a predominate factor. (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. Here are the individuals who have dipped deepest into their own pockets for campaign contributions to federal candidates, parties, political action committees, 527 organizations, and Carey committees. What he's received: $1,000 in direct support from the NRA and $3,278,632 in independent support. Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. A 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, charitable organization, 1100 13th Street, NW, Suite 800 resale? September 28, 2011. a small six-pound cannon in Gonzales, Texas CASH CONTRIBUTIONS EXCEEDING $100 PROHIBITED. Sec. In the early 20th century _____ areas were generally over presented in many state legislatures. 1096, Sec. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Sec. June 2, 2019. Answers: federal matching funds. A. 7, eff. 253.153. Suppose that the economy's production function is given by $\mathrm{Y}=\mathrm{K}^{1 / 3} \mathrm{~N}^{2 / 3}$ and that both the saving rate, $s$, and the depreciation rate, $\delta$, are equal to $0.10$. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 2065), Sec. On . Incorrect Answer(s) Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Sept. 1, 1997. Based on efforts to increase minority representation in Texas, how many Hispanic legislators served in the Texas legislature in 2015? 2.09, eff. \end{array} Why are former legislators perceived to be effective lobbyists? Sept. 1, 2003. They also link unclear PAC names, like "Pete for Senate," to the correct candidate (i.e. (2) ending on the 120th day after the date of the election in which the candidate or officeholder last appeared on the ballot, regardless of whether the candidate or officeholder has an opponent in that election. Greg Abbott is known for having a big war chest, and this election is no exception. 253.156 and amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Aug. 28, 1995. 2, eff. You cannot donate $2,800 for each state primary in which the candidate is running. The Center for Responsive Politics looks at the donor demographics for the presidential race, a poll shows Ashley Judd is the favored Democrat to run for Senate in Kentucky and a lobbying firm picks up a big name. 1, eff. 479, Sec. Assuming that Simard is Sec. Sec. For permission to reprint for commercial uses, Check back to see how your favorite candidates are stacking up in the final days before the election. 253.1541. (B) with regard to a contribution that is not designated in writing for a particular election, the next election for that office occurring after the contribution is made. Capital Eye Opener, Dec. 13: Women Donors for Obama, Ashley Judd Favored for Dems' Senate Nomination, and More. What do interest groups most want from policy makers? An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. 253.151. June 2, 2019. (a) A person who accepts a political contribution as a candidate or officeholder may not convert the contribution to personal use. 479, Sec. This subchapter applies only to corporations that are organized under the Texas Business Corporation Act, the Texas For-Profit Corporation Law, the Texas Non-Profit Corporation Act, the Texas Nonprofit Corporation Law, federal law, or law of another state or nation. 864, Sec. By delivering each package as fast as possible, regardless of quality June 2, 2019. 1, eff. 3, eff. As part of our ongoing partnership with Transparency USA, we took a closer look at how the two major political party candidates for the Texas State Legislature have been doing with fundraising in a cycle-vs-cycle comparison from 2018 to 2020. (a) During the period beginning on the 30th day before the date a regular legislative session convenes and continuing through the 20th day after the date of final adjournment, a person not a member of the caucus may not knowingly make a contribution to a legislative caucus. Incorrect answers: The lieutenant governor is not formally a senator and cannot vote except in cases of a tie, yet he or she has a great power over senate. RESTRICTIONS ON CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES. UNLAWFULLY MAKING OR ACCEPTING CONTRIBUTION. An offense under this section is a felony of the third degree. A.3d 1154 (Md. ~~~~~\text{Savings} & & 100.00 & 100.00\\ 4.06 & 4.07 \\ Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 3.73 & 4.05 \\ Correct answers: Correct Answer(s) Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. such as textbooks, contact OpenSecrets: info[at]crp.org. September 1, 2019. They are public servants who do not personally profit from their backgrounds. (b) A political contribution made by a corporation or labor organization under this section does not constitute a violation of Section 253.094(a) and the acceptance of the political contribution does not constitute a violation of Section 253.003(b). 3.36 & 4.24 \\ Interns wanted: Get paid to help ensure that every voter has unbiased election information. 3903), Sec. Simard defaulted (failed to pay) on 2, eff. 253.039. Most Americans do not make campaign contributions or lobby politicians. (e) This section does not apply to an out-of-state political committee unless the committee is subject to Chapter 252 under Section 251.005. 209 (H.B. 5(1), eff. (a) A corporation or labor organization may make one or more direct campaign expenditures from its own property for the purpose of communicating directly with its stockholders or members, as applicable, or with the families of its stockholders or members. Correct answers: listing an individual's name as a sponsor of an organization A political contribution that is received and refused during that period shall be returned to the contributor not later than the 30th day after the date of receipt. While our totals capture all the donations to candidates whether large or small, there is no detailed donor information for those who contribute less than $90. 5.05, eff. 253.032. PUNISHMENT OF AGENT. For purposes of this section, the members of a labor organization are considered to be corporate stockholders. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. Fundamentally, the Supreme Court decisions in Baker v. Carr and Reynolds v. Sims were based on what principle? Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. (d) A judicial officeholder or a specific-purpose committee for assisting a judicial officeholder may not, in any calendar year in which the office held is not on the ballot, use a political contribution to knowingly make a political contribution to a political committee that, when aggregated with each other political contribution to a political committee in that calendar year, exceeds $250. June 16, 1995. 3233), Sec. The overall contributions favor the Republicans, both in the aggregate and per candidate. Incorrect answers: 5(1), eff. Why? (2) deliver to the county clerk of each county a written certification of the county's population, if the county: (A) comprises an entire judicial district under Chapter 26, Government Code; or. 76.01, eff. 1087 (H.B. LIABILITY TO CANDIDATES. POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH APPOINTIVE OFFICE. Watch the animation on lobbying in Texas and determine which of the following statements are accurate. (c) This section does not prohibit contributions made in the Capitol or a courthouse through the United States postal service or a common or contract carrier. -slaves being declared free by Santa Anna. June 16, 1995. Sec. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Incorrect Answer(s) (a) A candidate may not knowingly accept a campaign contribution or make or authorize a campaign expenditure at a time when a campaign treasurer appointment for the candidate is not in effect. (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. subscription to a magazine 253.031. CONTRIBUTIONS IN CERTAIN PUBLIC BUILDINGS PROHIBITED. Match each of the following examples of interest groups to the general types of interest groups that best describe them. June 2, 2019. 1, eff. In what way are Texas, Montana, Nevada, and North Dakota similar? -a tax increase by Santa Anna. Why or why not? 1134, Sec. (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. Sec. Which Founder and author of the Federalist Papers is best known for arguing that "factions" would play an important and useful role in American politics? 384 (H.B. SELECT A CYCLE 2020 All federal contributions Top Individual Contributors: All Federal Contributions, 2019 - 2020 Export to CSV Showing 1 to 25 of 100 entries Feel free to distribute or cite this material, but please credit OpenSecrets. (c) A judicial candidate or a specific-purpose committee for supporting or opposing a judicial candidate may not use a political contribution to knowingly make a political contribution to a political committee that, when aggregated with each other political contribution to a political committee in connection with a general election, exceeds $500. OpenSecrets A 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, charitable organization 1100 13th Street, NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20005 (202) 857-0044 INFO: info@crp.org Suppose that instead of the research design described in the case, there were only 15 subscribers sampled, and the update process for each subscriber email was measured for each of the two messaging systems. - Employees from finance, insurance, and real estate provide the most campaign contributions among the groups listed. December 13, 2012. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 899, Sec. Incorrect Answer(s) Which type of legislative committee is most important? 1, eff. Sen. Mitt Romney, Utah Republican: $13,645,387. 242, eff. (g) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of political contributions used in violation of this section. What was the result of the case Hunt v. Cromartie (1999) in terms of political gerrymandering? Sept. 1, 2003. (a) A person who knowingly makes or accepts a campaign contribution or makes a campaign expenditure in violation of this chapter is liable for damages as provided by this section. ~~~~~\text{Telephone bill} & & 35.00 & 41.20\\ June 17, 2011. 2525), Sec. What is the only state had more constituents per senator? (b) A political committee assisted by a corporation or labor organization under Section 253.100 commits an offense if it accepts or uses money or any other thing of value that is known by a member or officer of the political committee to have been obtained in violation of Subsection (a). (a) The commission may impose a civil penalty against a person as provided by this subchapter only after a formal hearing as provided by Subchapter E, Chapter 571, Government Code. (b) A candidate or officeholder who accepts one or more political contributions in the form of loans, including an extension of credit or a guarantee of a loan or extension of credit, from one or more persons related to the candidate or officeholder within the second degree by affinity or consanguinity may not use political contributions to repay the loans in amounts that in the aggregate exceed the amount prescribed by Subsection (a). Since the 1990 election cycle, more than two-thirds of this sector's contributions to candidates and party committees has gone to . 531, Sec. CONTRIBUTION FROM OR DIRECT CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURE BY POLITICAL PARTY. RESTRICTIONS ON PERSONAL USE OF CONTRIBUTIONS. 1, eff. Which of the following would be considered an interest group? CONTRIBUTION BY SPOUSE OR CHILD. 253.095. 253.154. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. (a) For purposes of this subchapter, the following associations, whether incorporated or not, are considered to be corporations covered by this subchapter: banks, trust companies, savings and loan associations or companies, insurance companies, reciprocal or interinsurance exchanges, railroad companies, cemetery companies, government-regulated cooperatives, stock companies, and abstract and title insurance companies. High turnover rates in the Texas legislature are primarily due to: What is the first formal act of the Texas House at the beginning of a legislative session? property was then resold for$163,000, but the second purchaser also defaulted. Policy: Christopher Nelson Caitlin Styrsky Molly Byrne Katharine Frey Jimmy McAllister Samuel Postell C. Piers similar tot those of the speaker of the house. 17(4), eff. (c) A person who is both a candidate and an officeholder may reimburse the person's personal funds in only one capacity. It is important to understand which receipts are considered contributions because: Contributions count toward the threshold that determines whether an individual has qualified as a candidate under the Federal Election Campaign Act (the Act). (2) subject to the restrictions prescribed by Sections 253.162 and 253.1621. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. (a-1) A judicial candidate or officeholder may not knowingly accept political contributions from a general-purpose committee that, in the aggregate, exceed the contribution limits prescribed by this subsection in connection with an election in which the judicial candidate's name appears on the ballot. CERTIFICATION OF POPULATION; NOTICE OF CONTRIBUTION LIMITS. The reimbursement may not exceed the amount reported as a loan. (C) $15,000, if the population of the judicial district is less than 250,000. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 3066), Sec. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. \begin{array}{c} An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. \text{Food} & & \$160.00 & \$175.70\\ Sec. Sept. 1, 1999; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. D. The legislature of each only meets once a year. - The northeastern region of the U.S. has more lobbyists per capita than Texas ~~~~~\text{Emergency fund} & & 50.00 & 50.00\\ By treating each package like it is your own (c) Reasonable attorney's fees incurred in the suit may be awarded to the defendant if judgment is rendered in the defendant's favor. COERCION PROHIBITED. (e) Subsection (d) does not apply to a corporation or labor organization making a campaign contribution to a political committee under Section 253.097 or an expenditure to communicate with its stockholders or members, as applicable, or with the families of its stockholders or members as provided by Section 253.098. Texas is near the top of the nation in measures of social connectedness that lead to civic engagement. the candidates' political party. 253.005. Sept. 1, 2003. (2) a business in which the candidate or officeholder or a person described by Subdivision (1) has a participating interest of more than 10 percent, holds a position on the governing body, or serves as an officer. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 4 (S.B. 899, Sec. 12, eff. 2012)]. - Democrats receive more funds from interest groups than do Republicans. 905 (H.B. Similarly, Republicans had raised on average $152,953, while Democrats had raised on average $119,046. 5.contributors who live outside the district. 1), Sec. - Bigger states tend to have more lobbyists per capita than smaller states Sec. One more note: Candidates must provide detailed information (name, address, occupation, employer, and date of contribution) about their donors when the donor gives the candidate more than $90 in a given reporting cycle. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. To eligible to run for the Texas House, you must, To be eligible to run for the Texas Senate you must. Incorrect Answer(s) CIVIL PENALTIES IMPOSED BY COMMISSION. CONTRIBUTION FROM CORPORATION OR LABOR ORGANIZATION. (a) In this section, "administrative action," "communicates directly with," "legislation," "member of the executive branch," and "member of the legislative branch" have the meanings assigned by Section 305.002, Government Code. 2, eff. June 2, 2019. Incorrect answers: Sept. 1, 1997. 6, eff. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 167,637 residents. As of the 2020 Census, Texas state representatives represented an average of 194,303 residents. Sept. 1, 1995. Incorrect Answer(s) Why did the state of Texas draw new district lines in 2003? - Of the eleven major types of groups discussed, all contribute more donations to Republicans than Democrats in the Texas legislature. 253.171. ~~~~~\text{Dining out} & & 100.00 & 63.80\\[10pt] When Texas voters in May elected to raise the homestead exemption from $25,000 to its current level of $40,000, the average homeowner with a property valued at $300,000 was projected to see about. (a) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. (c) The total amount of both reimbursements and repayments made by a candidate or officeholder under this section may not exceed the amount prescribed by Subsection (a). When someone receives the benefits of collective action without contributing, it is known as which of the following? (c) This section does not apply to a political contribution that was made and accepted with the intent that it be used: (1) in an election held or ordered during the period prescribed by Subsection (a) in which the person accepting the contribution is a candidate if the contribution was made after the person appointed a campaign treasurer with the appropriate authority and before the person was sworn in for that office; (2) to defray expenses incurred in connection with an election contest; or. 3580), Sec. (a) A candidate or officeholder who makes political expenditures from the candidate's or officeholder's personal funds may not reimburse those personal funds from political contributions in amounts that in the aggregate exceed the following amounts for each election in which the person's name appears on the ballot: (1) for a statewide office other than governor, $250,000; and. An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. June 2, 2019. 100% As of 2010 census, there were about 811,147 constituents per state senate districts in Texas. (2) for an office other than a statewide judicial office, five times the applicable contribution limit under Section 253.155. 2.the candidates' political party. 1, eff. APPLICATION OF CONTRIBUTION AND REIMBURSEMENT LIMITS TO CERTAIN CANDIDATES. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. Sec. September 1, 2019. What percentage of the Texas Senate is usually elected during a presidential election year? creating political parties. (b) For purposes of the contribution limits prescribed by Sections 253.155 and 253.157 and the limits on reimbursement of personal funds and repayment of certain loans prescribed by Section 253.162, a runoff election in which the candidate's name is on the ballot is considered a separate election. Sec. 3233), Sec. 253.094. 1, eff. The value of money in Texas politics extends beyond purchasing power. ~~~~~\text{Movies} & & 10.00 & 5.00\\ 996, Sec. Sec. 3233), Sec. CONTRIBUTION FROM CORPORATION OR LABOR ORGANIZATION. 3233), Sec. (c) This section does not apply to a political contribution made by a general-purpose committee. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 2586), Sec. COMMUNICATION WITH STOCKHOLDERS OR MEMBERS. Despite the attention paid to lobbyists by business interests, the interest groups that spend the most on lobbying are public interest groups. Sec. 2, eff. 2.07, 2.08, eff. A contribution that is received and refused during that period shall be returned to the contributor not later than the 30th day after the date of receipt. For permission to reprint for commercial uses, Select one or more years, states and race types, then click "Apply Filter" to see results. This section does not apply to a political contribution made, for the purpose of sponsoring or attending an event, to a political committee affiliated with: (1) an organization that has been designated as an auxiliary, coalition, or county chair association of a political party as provided by political party rule or state executive committee bylaw; or. \text{Personal}\\ (b) A candidate, officeholder, or political committee or a person acting on behalf of a candidate, officeholder, or political committee may not knowingly accept a political contribution, and shall refuse a political contribution that is received, in the Capitol or a courthouse. Another fiveAlabama, Nebraska, Oregon, Utah and Virginiaallow corporations to contribute an unlimited amount of money to state campaigns. (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political contribution while in the Capitol or a courthouse to: (3) a person acting on behalf of a candidate, officeholder, or political committee. 2.26, eff. Sec. 1, eff. Corporation Contribution Limits Twenty-three states completely prohibit corporations from contributing to political campaigns. !function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var e in a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var t=document.getElementById("datawrapper-chart-"+e)||document.querySelector("iframe[src*='"+e+"']");if(t)(t.style.height=a.data["datawrapper-height"][e]+"px")}}))}(); In 2018, 35.76 percent of the total giving came in during the last months before the election.
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